?CentOS 7企业级Kafka数据同步实战指南
（基于uReplicator架构深度优化与生产验证）

? 环境预检与基础准备
1. JDK版本控制
sudo yum install java-11-openjdk-devel
java -version | grep "11."  # 确认版本≥11
​
? 版本选择依据：

uReplicator Controller需Java 11+（据GitHub源码编译要求）
OpenJDK与Oracle JDK兼容性验证通过

2. Maven构建环境
sudo yum install maven
mvn -v | grep "Apache Maven 3."  # 验证3.6+版本
​

? 源码编译与部署
▶ 源码获取与编译
git clone https://github.com/uber/uReplicator.git
cd uReplicator
git checkout v0.2.3  # 指定稳定版本
mvn clean package -DskipTests
​
? 编译说明：

-DskipTests跳过单元测试加速构建
输出位置：uReplicator-Distribution/target/uReplicator-*.tar.gz

▶ 解压与目录规划
tar -zxvf uReplicator-Distribution/target/uReplicator-0.2.3.tar.gz -C /opt/
ln -s /opt/uReplicator-0.2.3 /opt/uReplicator  # 创建软链接
​

? 生产级配置模板
1. Controller配置
# config/uReplicator.prod.yaml
instanceId: "ureplicator-cluster-01"
port: 9000
zookeeper:
  cluster: "zk1:2181,zk2:2181/ureplicator"
  sessionTimeoutMs: 30000
kafkaClusterMap:
  source:
    bootstrapServers: "kafka-src1:9092,kafka-src2:9092"
    securityProtocol: SASL_SSL
    saslMechanism: SCRAM-SHA-512
  destination:
    bootstrapServers: "kafka-dst1:9092,kafka-dst2:9092"
    securityProtocol: SASL_SSL
consumerConfig:
  groupId: "ureplicator-consumer-group"
  autoOffsetReset: "earliest"
  maxPollRecords: 5000
​
? 安全配置要点：

配置JAAS文件 /opt/uReplicator/config/jaas.conf
启用SSL证书双向验证
使用Kafka ACL限制权限

2. Worker节点配置
# config/worker.prod.properties
consumer.numStreams=10
consumer.fetch.max.wait.ms=500
consumer.fetch.min.bytes=1048576
producer.batch.size=16384
producer.linger.ms=20
​

? 服务启动与守护
1. Systemd服务文件
# /etc/systemd/system/ureplicator.service
[Unit]
Description=uReplicator Controller
After=network.target

[Service]
User=ureplicator
Group=ureplicator
Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk"
Environment="KAFKA_OPTS=-Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/uReplicator/config/jaas.conf"
ExecStart=/opt/uReplicator/bin/uReplicatorStart.sh -p /opt/uReplicator/config/uReplicator.prod.yaml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
​
2. 权限控制
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin ureplicator
chown -R ureplicator:ureplicator /opt/uReplicator*
​

? 监控体系构建
1. Prometheus指标采集
# config/metrics.properties
metrics.reporter=prometheus
prometheus.port=9091
​
curl http://localhost:9091/metrics | grep ureplicator
​
2. Grafana监控面板
# 关键监控指标
rate(ureplicator_messages_consumed_total[5m])
ureplicator_lag_per_partition
jvm_memory_used_bytes{area="heap"}
​

? 故障转移与扩容
1. 集群化部署

 
 
 
 
 
 
Controller
Worker Group 1
Worker Group 2
Kafka Source
Kafka Target

2. 动态扩容步骤
# 新增Worker节点
scp -r /opt/uReplicator worker-node:/opt/
ssh worker-node "systemctl start ureplicator-worker"
# Controller自动发现新节点
​

? 安全加固清单

网络隔离

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" port port="9092-9093" protocol="tcp" source address="10.0.0.0/8" accept'
​

审计日志

log4j.appender.ROLLING=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.ROLLING.File=/var/log/ureplicator/controller.log
log4j.appender.ROLLING.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
​

备份策略

# Zookeeper元数据备份
zkCli.sh -server zk1:2181 sync /ureplicator
zkExport.sh --zkhost zk1:2181 --zpath /ureplicator --file ureplicator-zk-backup.json
​

? 生产经验：

使用 jstack <PID>分析线程阻塞问题
通过 kafka-consumer-groups.sh验证offset提交
定期执行 kafka-reassign-partitions.sh平衡负载
配合Burrow实现消费延迟告警